How fingerprints are important for us?

Every person's fingerprints are different, they have no exact resemblance. Even the fingerprints of twins are different, although their DNA is the same. Fingerprints are given priority over DNA prints. The common term for reading fingerprints is called Dactyloscopy. It is said that if the fingerprints of 64 billion people are examined, there is a possibility that two of them may have identical lines.

Interestingly, these lines form in humans when they are in their mother's womb and barely three months old. Fingerprints are actually raised lines on the upper skin, which often come in contact with an object and transmit sensory signals to the brain.

These lines do not help to hold an object firmly, but according to some scientists, these lines weaken the grip on the object. These lines remain the same throughout a person's life unless the upper surface of the fingers is burned or injured for any reason or they do not fade with age.

The history of fingerprints is very old. There is ample evidence of their use in Babylon, where fingerprints were preserved in clay and used in commercial transactions. The use of fingerprint recognition methods to identify criminals began in 1858. The credit goes to Sir William Herschel, an Englishman who was a magistrate in an Indian court. In 1877, Dr. Henry Faulds first obtained fingerprints with the help of ink. History has shown that these symbols have been used to identify people since 1900. Thus, for a long time in forensic science, the examination and analysis of fingerprints has been presented as evidence.

These fingerprints are actually friction ridges, also called "friction lines". Each line has tiny holes that belong to the sebaceous sweat glands internally, so when our fingers touch something, sebaceous glands in the skin secrete fluid, which causes fingerprints to form on the site or object, such as mirror, glasses table etc. But these marks do not form on the cloth because this fluid is absorbed in the clothes, due to which the marks do not remain.

Fingerprints are a great way to identify a person. Some organizations value them more than signatures. For security reasons, the same method is being used to identify people entering the building. Each country or organization has them in its database. Interestingly, the world's largest fingerprint database is located in the FBI in the United States.

Fingerprint analysis is not the only way to identify a person, but many methods of biometrics have been invented these days, such as eye scans, ear scans and voice fingerprints, by which the individual is being identified, but these methods are out of common reach.

Eye scans take a picture of the structure of the retina and iris of the eye. This is the fastest and closest approach, by which an individual can be identified. Ear scans are also an important tool that makes it possible to identify an individual from a camera image. Voice fingerprints identify a person by a complete analysis of the sound. Each method is stable, but depending on the occasion, one of these methods is adopted.

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