Water Treatment "Part 5": Drinking Water Distribution Systems.

A transmission system is created to link the production station with the supply area because this distance is frequently quite great. Pipeline stations and pumping stations, where the required pressure is secured, are part of transmission systems.
Depending on the maximum amount of daily use measured once every ten years, the transmission system is designed. The rise in water level in the storage tank and the hydraulic resistance both influence the pressure within the conveying system.

Water distribution system:

High-pressure pumps are used to transfer drinking water from the storage tanks to the distribution system. A supply pressure of 200 kPa must be maintained in the network's farthest branches (in buildings) according to the design standard for the distribution system, the minimal pressure needed to accomplish this is 250 kPa in the streets. Water booster pumps are occasionally employed to keep the pressure in the distribution network within specific bounds.

Model of waterworks pumping engine dated 1880s at Herne Bay Museum and Gallery.

In order to avoid the occurrence of high distribution pressure in the lowest area, the distribution network is separated into distinct pressure zones in a topographically diverse area.
There won't be enough pressure in apartment complexes for the top levels, thus these homes have pumps and pressure tanks installed.

A simple control system for a water well, including well, water pump, pressure switch, and pressure tank.

Smaller-diameter pipes were once made of copper, but these days, they are primarily constructed of Polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Concrete pipes were typically utilized for medium-sized pipes due to sustainability and cost considerations, however due to health dangers, their usage is no longer allowed.

Concrete water pipe

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References:

• Unsafe water kills more people than war, Ban says on World Day". UN News. 22 March 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2018
• Raymond Desjardins- Livre: Le traitement des eaux- 2éme edition- Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal- 1997- ISBN 2-553-00643-8
• Drinking Water Treatment- EDX- Delft University of Technology.
• Book- Drinking Water: Principles and Practices- by Hans J C Van Dijk (Author), Jasper Q J C Verberk (Author), Peter J De Moel.